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A study that tested an intervention to reduce pain reported that the NNT was 12. This means that 12 individuals would need to be treated with the intervention for 1 individual to experience a reduction in pain. This may be an acceptable intervention for some individuals to try, yet others may not think their chance of a positive outcome is good enough, particularly if there is also a chance for adverse side effects from the intervention.

Although an NNT of 1 is preferable, there are no hard rules about how low NNT needs to be for a study to be clinically significant. Clinical significance depends on the outcome and the patient group.

Let’s look at another study. Researchers tested nicotine chewing gum in individuals who smoked and reported the NNT = 13. This means that 13 smokers would need to use nicotine gum for 1 individual to stop smoking. Nicotine gum is a relatively inexpensive, easy-to-use treatment with few side effects.

Do you think the Nicotine gum is clinically sound?

   

Yes

   

No

 

 

 

 

 

 

Treating Major Depression with Yoga: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial

Methods: Investigators recruited 38 adults in San Francisco with scores of 14-28 on Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI). Twenty participants were randomized to 90-minute Hatha yoga practice groups twice weekly for 8 weeks.  Eighteen participants were randomized to 90-minute attention control education groups twice weekly for 8 weeks. Certified yoga instructors delivered both interventions at a university clinic. Primary outcome was depression severity, measured by BDI every 2 weeks from baseline to 8 weeks.

Results: In intent-to-treat analysis, yoga participants exhibited significantly greater 8-week decline in BDI scores than controls (p=0.034). From baseline to final assessment 8 weeks, the adjusted mean BDI score in the yoga group decreased by 9.47 points (95% CI, -12.37 to -6.57); during the same interval, the adjusted mean BDI score in the control group decreased by 2.99 points (95% CI, -6.43 to – 0.45). In sub-analysis of participants completing final 8-week measures, yoga participants were more likely to achieve remission, defined per final BDI scores equal to or less than 9 (p = 0.018). Effect size of yoga in reducing BDI scores was large, per Cohen’s d = -.096 (95% CI, -1.81 to -0.12). No participant sustained injuries from either treatment.

Reference: HTTP://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?is=10.1371/journal.pone.0173869

What was the intervention in the “intervention group”?

   

45 min of Hatha yoga once a week for 8 weeks

   

45 min of attention control education once a week for 8 weeks

   

90 min of attention control education twice a week for 8 weeks

   

90 min of Hatha yoga twice a week for 8 weeks

 

 

 

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