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ABSTRACT II

During the emerging COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) pandemic, initially there were no proven treatment options. With the release of randomized controlled trial (RCT) results, we are beginning to see possible treatment options for COVID 19. The RECOVERY trial showed an absolute risk reduction in mortality by 2.8% with dexamethasone. Treatment with Hydroxychoroquine (HCQ) and lopinavir/ritonavir did not show any mortality benefit. The randomization methodologies utilized in this controlled trials and the quality of published data were reviewed to examined there adaptability to treat patients. We found that the randomization methodologies of these trials were suboptimum for matching the studied groups based on disease severity among critically ill-hospitalized COVID -19 patients with high mortality rates.

 

Questions 10 & 11 are related to abstract (II): 

Discuss why the randomization methods used in the controlled trials were biased.
Show how you can conduct proper randomization for better RCT’s.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Question I. Read the Abstract I regarding “Neonatal Hypoglycemia” and answer the following questions:

Indicate the PICOT question of the study?
Indicate the outcomes and the used search strategies?
Critique the abstract utilizing the critical appraisal guidelines of systematic review?
Indicate the missing data/information in the abstract to complete your critique?

 

Question II. Read the Abstract II “The effect of compression stocking on leg edema and discomfort during a 3-hour flight: A randomized controlled trial ” answer the following questions.

Identify the primary and secondary outcomes?
Appraise this RCT utilizing appraisal check list? Indicate the main points that you are looking for when appraising?

 

Question III. Circle the best answer.

Which step is out of order within the “Steps in a Meta Analysis”

 

Formulating a problem 1
Designing the meta-analysis study 5
Searching literature for data 2
Analyzing data 7
Extracting/encoding data for analysis 4
Calculating effects 3
Evaluating study quality 6
Writing report 8

 

When considering treatment options, list the four strongest types of evidence in descending order of strength (i.e., strongest to weakest evidence) from the following list.
Expert opinion, Systematic Review, Cohort study, Case report
Internet, Expert opinion, Randomized controlled trial, Systematic Review
Systematic review, Randomized controlled trial, Cohort study, Case report
Systematic review, Case report, Cohort study, Textbook
Internet, Expert opinion, Randomized controlled trial, Systematic Review

 

Which of the following is/are true about an ideal placebo? (Select all that apply)
It is inert.
It is distinguishable from the active treatment.
It allows blinding.
It minimizes bias when evaluating subjective outcomes.

 

What is meant by “compliance” in a randomized clinical trial? (Select one)
Flexibility in assignment to treatment groups.
The degree to which study subjects adhere to an assigned treatment protocol.
An inter-institutional agreement for multi-center study.
Benefits for people who enroll in the study.

 

The fact that certain types of people agree to participate in clinical trials may affect which of the following? (Select one)
Validity
Generalizability
Randomization
Sub-group analysis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING
NURSING 2805